Centre for Clinical Ethics

The Centre for Clinical Ethics is a regional ethics service located within Unity Health Toronto. We provide ethics services to a total of 12 healthcare organizations of varying sizes, faith-based and secular, across the continuum of care.

Our purpose at the Centre for Clinical Ethics is to provide expert guidance in compassionate and thoughtful ethical decision-making across health care. We do this through case consultation, education, policy development and research.

We have five guiding principles:

  • Human dignity – Respect for human dignity and personhood
  • Inclusivity – Care for all who need us
  • Partnership – Collaborate with patients, families, caregivers, communities, healthcare providers, learners and leaders
  • Trust – Foster and develop relationships of trust
  • Reflective leadership – Bring creativity and innovation to healthcare settings and the field of bioethics

Any patient, substitute decision maker, physician or staff member of Unity Health or one of our partner organizations can request an ethics consult.

  • For after-hours/emergencies page the ethicist on-call at 416-864-5070 #4211
  • If paging, please leave your 10 digit phone number and extension.
Slide

1000+

consultations performed
last year

Canadian maple leaf (freepik)

Oldest ethics fellowship
program in the country

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Monthly ethics grand rounds
and yearly speaker series

Many scholarship
opportunities

End of life an no-CPR orders: Indigenous perspectives

This speaker series is a collaboration between The Centre for Clinical Ethics and The Indigenous Health Program and explores the experiences of Indigenous patients within hospital settings, with a particular focus on end-of-life care, no-CPR orders, and the process of death and dying. Grounded in perspectives from both Indigenous healthcare providers and non- Indigenous allies, the sessions acknowledge the ongoing impacts of colonialism— including systemic racism, historical trauma, and mistrust of healthcare institutions— that continue to shape Indigenous peoples’ experiences in hospitals at the end of life. Through descriptions of lived experiences, Indigenous understandings of death and dying, and the role of ceremony, this series aims to support healthcare providers in developing greater cultural awareness and understanding. The goal is to foster care that is compassionate, culturally safe, and rooted in relationship, so that Indigenous patients and families are treated in a good way during one of the most sacred times of life.

Attendance is free but you need to register using this link.

Physicians will be eligible to receive one Section 1 Continuing Professional Development (CPD) credit as certified by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. Links for providing feedback and registering for CPD credit will be available in the live session.

February 4, 2026: 12 – 1 p.m. ZOOM

Session 2: Process of death and dying from Indigenous perspectives

Engagement with patients and families in a culturally sensitive way can help us identify what is important to patients so we can provide the right care. Systemic racism faced by Indigenous patients can disempower patients/families to advocate for what they need. Even well-meaning healthcare providers may have gaps in knowledge about different cultural traditions and may not know what to ask. In this session we will explore some Indigenous perspectives on death and dying to help healthcare providers ask the right questions so we can provide better care for our patients.

Presenters:

1) Leonard Benoit

Death Doula

Indigenous Health and Partnership Lead, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

2) Leslie Saunders

Manager, Traditional Palliative Care Program, Anishnawbe Health Toronto

3) Rod Michano

Casey House

 

February 11, 2026: 12 – 1:30 p.m. ZOOM

Session 3: Ceremony as part of the death and dying process for Indigenous patients

For some Indigenous patients, ceremony plays an important role at the end of life. In this session we will describe the ceremonies of some Indigenous groups and try and identify the right questions for healthcare providers to ask to ensure we are providing culturally sensitive care.

Presenters:

1) Ellen Kanikatsitsa Blais

Haudenosaunee Midwife and Co-CEO of Association of Ontario Midwives

2) Desiree Lethbridge

Regional Manager, Tungasuvvingat Inuit

3) Kahontakwas Diane Longboat, Turtle Clan, Mohawk Nation, Six Nations Grand River

Territory

President and Founder, Institute for the Study of Spirit

4) Kawennanoron Cindy White

Elder-in-Residence, Women’s College Hospital

Our services

We provide clinical ethics consultations, organizational ethics consultations including policy development, research ethics review, and ethics education across the continuum of care. Each partner has an embedded ethicist and we provide a 24 hour on-call service for after hours and emergencies.

Ethicists

Bio to come

Andria Bianchi, PhD, is a Clinical Ethicist who primarily supports post-acute care and community partner organizations. Andria is also the Manager of the Centre for Clinical Ethics’ fellowship program, an Assistant Professor (status-only) at the University of Toronto’s Dalla Lana School of Public Health, and an Affiliate Scientist at KITE Research Institute – University Health Network. Andria’s primary areas of ethics expertise involve topics related to people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, those on the autism spectrum, as well as people with dementia. Andria is co-editor of a book entitled Intellectual Disabilities and Autism: Ethics and Practice in which the importance of accessibility and providing ethically defensible services and supports to people with intellectual disabilities and those on the autism spectrum is at the forefront.

Bio to come

Bio to come

Bio to come

Bio to come

Kirk Lougheed holds a PhD in philosophy from McMaster University where he completed a dissertation on the philosophical implications of disagreement. During his PhD studies, Kirk spent time working with an organization dedicated to supporting Toronto’s underhoused community. After completing a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Pretoria with a focus on philosophy of religion and the African philosophical tradition, he took a position at LCC International University. He spent four years as Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Center for Research on Faith and Human Flourishing at LCC, where he worked with students and colleagues from over 60 different countries. Kirk has published many articles and books spanning epistemology, ethics, religion, and African philosophy. Right now, he is most interested in cross-cultural bioethics and in the nature of clinical ethics consultations. His latest book, A Moral Theory of Liveliness: A Secular Interpretation of African Life Force was published in 2025 with Oxford University Press.

Bio to come

Michael Szego joined St. Joseph’s Health Centre as a clinical ethicist in 2011 and is now the Senior Director of the Centre for Clinical Ethics at Unity Health Toronto. He is the lead clinical ethics consultant at St. Michael’s Hospital in Toronto, helps oversee the ethics programs at 11 partner healthcare organizations across the GTHA, and is Vice Chair of the Unity Health Research Ethics Board. He is an Assistant Professor, Affiliated Scientist in the Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Departments of Family and Community Medicine and Molecular Genetics at the University of Toronto. Michael has a Doctorate in Molecular Genetics and a Masters of Health Science in Bioethics from the University of Toronto. He also completed a fellowship in clinical and organizational ethics at the Joint Centre for Bioethics at the University of Toronto. Michael combines his love or science and ethics when directing a graduate course on ethical issues associated with genomics and is a member of the National DNA Data Bank Advisory Committee. His research interests include the intersection of genomics and ethics and bioethics education.

Andrew Tamale is a Clinical Ethics Fellow with a background in clinical medicine and clinical research, and a recent graduate of a Masters in Health Ethics. His current work focuses on the ethics of healthcare policy, with particular interest in how autonomy and informed consent are exercised by vulnerable populations. His research explores the ethical challenges of Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD), especially in the context of mental illness.

Bio to come


Last updated January 30, 2026